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| Title | Addendum to Final Report: Screening Survey for Metals and Dioxins in Fertilizer Products and Soils in Washington State. Dioxins in Washington State Agricultural Soils | |
| Month-Year Published | November 1999 | |
| Online Availability |
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| Short Description |
This Addendum report completes the Dioxins in Washington State Soils study by reporting and assessing typical dioxin concentrations in the agricultural soils of the state. (Also see abstract below) | |
| Publication Number | 99-333 | |
| Author(s) | Rogowski, D. and W. Yake | |
| Print Availability | ||
| Number of pages | 24 pp. + app (64 total) | |
| Keywords | addendum, agricultural, dioxin, dioxins, fertilizer, furan, metals, product, results, sampling, soil, study, survey, urban | |
| Related Publications | Title | Relationship |
| Dioxins in Washington State Soils (symposium article) | similar topic | |
| Final Report: Screening Survey for Metals and Dioxins in Fertilizer Products and Soils in Washington State | parent publication | |
| Abstract | Long Description |
This Addendum report completes the Dioxins in Washington State Soils study by reporting and assessing typical dioxin concentrations in the agricultural soils of the state. Fifty-four samples of representative agricultural surface soils were analyzed for chlorinated dioxins and furans. Crop-county combinations were selected randomly for each of the 54 sampling sites. Each soil sample was a composite of 10 sub-samples collected from the soil surface to a depth of 5 cm. Sampling sites were chosen to represent typical (or "background") conditions. When compared to concentrations found in soils from other land uses and other countries, dioxin and furan concentrations reported as TEQ (non-detected values set to zero) in Washington State agricultural soils were generally low, ranging from 0.0078 to 1.2 ng/kg (parts per trillion, pptr). These results were log-normally distributed with a geometric mean of 0.062 pptr. Dioxin concentrations in agricultural lands were lower than those found previously in soils from other Washington State land uses. The geometric mean for open (prairie and grazed) lands was 0.24 pptr TEQ (n=8), while it was 1.9 pptr TEQ (n=14) for urban lands. Results for open and urban lands were both log-normally distributed. Forest soil results were normally distributed and had an arithmetic mean of 2.3 pptr TEQ (n=8). We are not certain why dioxin concentrations are lower in agricultural soils. Possible factors include distance from urban sources of dioxin and differences in land use practices, including tilling which may dilute surface dioxin concentrations. A review of available literature yielded no directly comparable data for North America. Of the data reviewed and used for comparison, dioxin concentrations in Washington State agricultural soils appear to be low. These include limited data on agricultural soils from Germany and Russia. |
Copyright © Washington State Department of Ecology. See http://www.ecy.wa.gov/copyright.html.
