Ecology groundwater assessment studies

underway | completed

Underway studies
map of Washington state
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Toxics studies (5)
Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) studies (4)
Agricultural studies (3)
1

Lakewood Plaza Cleaners

An EA groundwater scientist samples a monitoring well at the Lakewood Plaza Cleaners site.

Study type: toxics

This project involves compliance ground water monitoring for volatile organic compounds at the Plaza Cleaners Lakewood site, near Lakewood, WA. This work is conducted on the behalf of the Toxics Cleanup Program.

Project lead: Pam Marti
Phone: (360) 407-6768
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Document(s):
2

Shelton Laundry & Cleaners Groundwater Monitoring

Purging a Shelton monitoring well using low-flow methods

Study type: toxics

This project is located in Shelton, Washington (Mason County). Groundwater samples are being collected quarterly to monitor concentrations of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) after the injection of a hydrogen release compound (HRC) for remediation treatment in June 2005. Groundwater samples are collected for volatile organic compounds (VOC) from 5 monitoring wells. Results will be summarized in an annual report. The outcome of this work will determine if this site can be removed from the Model Toxics Control Act (MTCA) list.

Project lead: Pam Marti
Phone: (360) 407-6768
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Document(s):
3

Monitoring for Nitrate Trends in the Central Sumas-Blaine Surficial Aquifer

A Department of Ecology hydrogeologist sounding the depth of a monitoring well.

Study type: agricultural

The Sumas-Blaine Surficial Aquifer is the principal surficial aquifer in the Nooksack Watershed in northwestern Whatcom County. Studies over the last twelve years have documented extensive nitrate contamination of the central and north-central portions of the Sumas-Blaine Surficial Aquifer. The major sources of nitrate in the Sumas-Blaine Surficial Aquifer are animal waste and inorganic fertilizer applications, and septic systems. In recent years handling of manure and wastewater at a number of dairies has improved in the area. The purpose of this project is to design and implement a groundwater monitoring network to define nitrate concentration trends in the Central Sumas-Blaine Surficial Aquifer. The network will consist primarily of existing water supply wells emphasizing wells that have been sampled previously. Results from the network will be used to document changes in groundwater quality in response to animal waste and fertilizer application practices and land use.

Project lead: Melanie Redding
Phone: (360) 407-6524
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Document(s):
4

Fate of Nitrogen in Animal Manures used as Fertilizer

An EAP hydrogeologist preparing to measure water quality conditions in a monitoring well.

Study type: agricultural

This study will evaluate groundwater, soil, and crop nitrogen at a field where dairy waste is used to fertilize grass in the Nooksack Basin. Soil samples will be collected weekly during the fall and less frequently during the rest of the year to track mineralization, accumulation, and movement of nitrogen. Groundwater samples will be collected monthly except in the summer when they will be collected every six weeks. Manure and commercial fertilizer application will be quantified. Monitoring wells were installed in August 2004, and groundwater sampling began in September 2004. Soil sampling began in August 2004. Crop sampling began in 2005. Data will be collected through December of 2008. A final report is scheduled for publication in May of 2009.

Project lead: Barb Carey
Phone: (360) 407-6769
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Document(s):
5

Palermo Sub-drain System Monitoring

Study type: toxics

Palermo is a long-term monitoring project of the sub-drain system and treatment lagoon in Tumwater, Washington (Thurston County). Work for this project is already detailed in an Operation and Maintenance plan that was prepared for EPA. Field work will be conducted semi-annually (October/April). VOC samples will be collected from approximately 8 stations (wells and streams). Other field work will include measuring depth to groundwater in 13 piezometers, depth of the treatment lagoon and preparing cross-sections and taking flow measurements. Results will be summarized in a yearly report.

Project lead: Pam Marti
Phone: (360) 407-6768
Make a request or comment

Document(s):
6

American Plating Groundwater Monitoring

Study type: toxics

This project is located at a former electroplating company in Tacoma, Washington (Pierce County) on the Thea Foss waterway. Groundwater samples are collected semi-annually to determine contaminant concentrations since the removal of plating line-derived waste material in the summer of 2003. Groundwater samples are collected from five monitoring wells for dissolved metals (cadmium, chromium, hexavalent chromium, copper and nickel), weak acid dissociable (WAD) cyanide and volatile organics. Results are summarized in an annual report.

Project lead: Pam Marti
Phone: (360) 407-6768
Make a request or comment

Document(s):
7

Montesano Groundwater Investigation

An EAP hydrogeologist measures floating free-petroleum product collected from a Montesano well.

Study type: toxics

Groundwater beneath downtown Montesano is contaminated with petroleum products. The contamination is likely the result of historic releases from leaking underground storage tanks. To characterize the lateral extent of groundwater contamination within a four block downtown area, samples were collected from about 20 existing monitoring wells for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX), as well as total petroleum hydrocarbons as gasoline (TPH-G) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Water level measurements from the wells will determine groundwater flow directions. This data will be helpful in determining which areas require additional investigation. This information also will be used when working with the local government to mitigate potential impacts of a multi-source, area-wide contaminant plume to nearby utilities and surface water.

Project lead: Pam Marti
Phone: (360)407-6768
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Document(s):
8

Groundwater Technical Support - East Fork Lewis River Temperature and Fecal Coliform Bacteria Total Maximum Daily Load Study

EAP staffers installling an in-stream piezometer as part of a TMDL groundwater characterization study.

Study type: TMDL

The purpose of the groundwater component of this study is to determine groundwater contributions and interactions with surface water throughout the study area. The groundwater flux and the associated heat transfer to the East Fork Lewis River will be examined by using mini-piezometers in the mainstem. Additionally several observation wells that have already been installed will be used to determine the direction of groundwater flow near the piezometer transects.

Project lead: Barb Carey
Phone: (360)407-6769
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Document(s):
9

Upper Yakima Basin Temperature TMDL Groundwater Study

Using a manometer board to measure the vertical hydraulic gradient in an in-stream piezometer.

Study type: TMDL

This investigation will evaluate the surface water/groundwater interactions within the Upper Yakima watershed. In-stream piezometers are located within the Taneum, Umtanum, Naneum and Swauk creeks, and will be monitored monthly during the summer of 2005 for temperature, specific conductance, and static water level. Additionally, continuous monitoring instruments will record a profile of subsurface water temperature. The results of this study will support the temperature TMDL assessment for the Upper Yakima watershed.

Project lead: Melanie Redding
Phone: (360) 407-6524
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Document(s):
10

South Fork Palouse River TMDL Groundwater Support

Measuring a water level in an in-stream piezometer.

Study type: TMDL

The primary objective of this study is to describe and quantify the thermal influence and nutrient load that discharging groundwater imparts to the South Fork Palouse River and Paradise Creek, in Whitman County. To meet this objective 5 continuous streamflow gages and 18 in-stream piezometers will be deployed along these streams, in summer 2006, to characterize both reach based and local scale surface water and groundwater interactions. Project piezometers will be instrumented with recording thermistors to define streambed thermal profiles during summer baseflow conditions, when stream temperature is most critical. The piezometers will be accessed monthly, between May and October 2006, to measure surface water and groundwater head relationships. During the site visits, nutrient samples will be collected from those piezometers where groundwater discharge is indicated. Together, these data will be used to estimate surface water and groundwater fluxes and nutrient mass loads to the river at each piezometer site. These discrete point flux and mass load estimates will serve as inputs to a broader TMDL evaluation of the South Fork Palouse River; which seeks to develop a one-dimensional (QUAL2K) water quality model of the river.

Project lead: Kirk Sinclair
Phone: (360) 407-6557
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Document(s):
11

Study of Soil Fumigants (EDB and 1,2-DCP) in the Groundwater of the Bertram Creek and Meadowdale Areas, Whatcom County, WA

Study type: agricultural

Ethylene dibromide (EDB) and 1,2-dichloropropane (1,2-DCP) are soil fumigants that are present in groundwater in northeastern Whatcom County. The Sumas-Blaine aquifer is the primary source of drinking water in the area. Groundwater was initially discovered to be contaminated in 1984 during a statewide investigation. Alternate water sources were supplied to those residents where contamination was documented or suspected. A more comprehensive study was conducted in 1998 which focused on drinking water from 123 private domestic wells in the Bertrand Creek and Meadowdale areas near the city of Lynden, Washington. The purpose was to refine the nature and extent of EDB and 1,2-DCP contamination in groundwater and determine the fate and transport mechanisms. This is a follow-up study that will define the current condition of the aquifer and it is designed to supplement the existing data collected in 1998 by O'Herron. This is a one-time sampling project that will target approximately 30 private domestic wells. A subset of the wells previously sampled in 1998 will be resampled in this study, plus additional wells which have never been sampled before. The goal of this project is to: (1) update previous findings to provide a current picture of the contaminant levels, (2) determine the extent of the contaminant plumes, (3) determine the natural attenuation rate of EDB and 1,2-DCP concentrations in the area, and (4) verify the adequacy of the supplemental drinking water program.

Project lead: Melanie Redding
Phone: (360) 407-6524
Make a request or comment

Document(s):
12

Palouse River TMDL Groundwater Support

Study type: TMDL

For this study, groundwater and surface-water interactions will be assessed via a combination of common field techniques. Instream piezometers will be installed beginning in May 2007 at selected points along the Palouse River to enable monitoring of surface water and groundwater head relationships, streambed water temperatures, and groundwater quality at discrete points along the river. The piezometers will be distributed to provide point measurements along the length of the river and, where possible, will be co-located with previously deployed instream thermistors. To provide a secondary confirmation of the instream piezometer dataset, Ecology will also attempt to arrange access to a tandem network of shallow off-stream domestic wells which will be used to monitor "regional" groundwater levels, temperatures, and groundwater quality. When selecting wells, preference will be given to shallow, properly documented wells in close proximity to the Palouse River. Wells selected for monitoring will be visited monthly between May and November 2007 to measure groundwater levels. Where owner permission is granted, and site conditions allow, recording thermistors and water level transducers will be deployed. A subset of the off-stream wells will be sampled in August 2007 for the above listed parameters.

Project lead: Kirk Sinclair
Phone: (360)407-6557
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Document(s):
For more information about the Environmental Assessment Program groundwater team activities, please contact: Darrel Anderson (dand461@ecy.wa.gov). For questions about this web page please contact Charles Pitz (chpi461@ecy.wa.gov).